It is heartening to witness the beginning of twenty first century with opening of new Veterinary Universities in the country. More than half of the states now have their own Veterinary Universities , initiated by Tamil Nadu , and soon the remaining states will realize importance of animal industry and will fall in line . These universities are not mere replica of Veterinary colleges but incorporates all other aspects related to animals too. Thus it encompasses colleges of Dairy science , Fisheries as well as wild animals hence a whole range is there where special attention may be paid by the scientists on these aspects.
Obviously , these universities are struggling with preliminary problems which is common with all new set-ups but surely they will overcome them and will concentrate on new technologies which are important to improve value additions of our animals . If we really wish to help land less farmers as well as more educated entrepreneurs who might be willing to enter in animal industry we have to think out of box and have to encourage new innovations by which we will be able to increase value of animals and animal products many folds :
MILK PRODUCTION : Though India is largest milk producer , yet per unit milk production is very low ; so much so that some nondescript cows are producing only half to one liter milk per day with lower number of milk production days.This is because ,earlier , we needed a drought or dual variety whose males may be employed for plouging the fields and other works .As now tractors have replaced bullocks ( it needs studies if such strategy has really improved farmer's economy) ,there is the need to convert these breeds into milch animals by improving their genetic makeup with identifying the genes which are providing great resistance against local diseases and its survival only on roughage
We should not forget our buffalo population where Murra is the best breed yielding milk even 40 Kg per day and whose males are also sturdy and used in manual works. The fat percentage in buffalo milk is highest hence are more useful for preparing butter and ghee.Improvement in buffalo will not only enhance our milk production but its meat may also be exported in many gulf countries.Recently, a farmer from Haryana was able to sale his male Murrah buffalo at a cost of Rs 25 lacs; we need more such animals to improve economy of our farmers.
MILK OF OTHER ANIMAL SPECIES : Our father of Nation , Mahtma Gandhi has advocated use of Goat milk which has proved beneficial in tuberculosis patients . Like wise camel milk is claimed to possess aphrodisiac properties .There are other animal species also whose milk has been claimed with some or other property - important are mare, sheep, yolk, mithun etc . India has the unique character of having a variety of animal species whose potentials have never been exploited . Our Dairy science colleges may take up the projects to test milk of different animal species and also isolating important biochemical constituents which may be marketed separately for improving human health..
BOER GOATS : As I have mentioned there is the need of value addition of our animal products many folds so that our un-employed educated youth may attract towards animal industry- till now it is poultry industry which has resulted in changing the employment scenario. Now time has come when we have to divert our attention on other animals to fetch good remuneration .
As per news of the Economic Times,Indore ,dated 21st October ,2013 "Aai Goat Farm" of Jijabai Narawade and son Vinayak in the village Savindane near Pune was started with two Boer goats and now has a herd of 70 goats. Interestingly, the son sells the goats online through internet and is able to fetch Rs 60,000 to Rs 90,000/ per goat .Such exorbitant price for each animal is paid by the affluent Muslims from big cities like Mumbai who buys these goats for Bakri Id. Interestingly, these Boer goats are native to South Africa and its embryo was first time imported from Australia in 1993 by Pune based Nimbkar Agriculture Research Institute for cross breeding with desi goats to increase their meat yields. The Boer goats are popular world over for their meat and adaptability to any climate. And this character has been used advantageously by Jijabai Narwade paving the way for more innovations and business potentials to other entrepreneurs .
KADAKNATH POULTRY : In the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh, Kadaknath poultry breed is very popular among the tribes of this region ;the bird is black while its meat looks dark brown . This bird fetches higher price ranging from 300-600 Rs per bird hence poultry department of Jabalpur Veterinary college developed cross and tried to sell the bird in five star hotels. However, its meat failed to attract good number of customers hence its marketing restricted only to certain region.
PASHMINA GOATS : There are breeds of animals which inhabit special climates like Pashmina goats which is the special breed of goat indigenous to high altitude of Himalayas .They are famous for their special wool texture which ,mixing with silk fiber, is used for manufacturing pashmina shawls and gloves - high priced items .
GADDI SHEEP : This breed , also called Bhadarwah breed, is native to Kishtwar and Bhadarwah tahsils of J & K and is also distributed in Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. It is famous for its fine quality wool.
EMU FARMING :This is a wingless bird,cousin of Ostrich, and in recent years bred in Rajasthan, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh . Importantly, all parts of the bird , meat, oil, skin, feather are marketed with good remuneration. Cost of one bird is about 20,000 to 30,000 Indian rupees.
NEW ANIMAL FARMING PRACTICES : It is necessary that these veterinary universities develop and spread expertise in farming other varieties of animals and birds like TURKEY FARMING, QUAIL FARMING , DUCK FARMING, RABBIT FARMING, GUINEA FOWL (Bater ) FARMING They have to pay attention in their fast breeding and health programs so that farmers are able to earn good remuneration.
FISH BREEDING : There is a large population who consume fish and there is need not only to improve their production but introducing new varieties in Indian market. Beside fish, we must also pay attention of culturing prawn and alike organisms which have good potentials for export.
MARKET DEVELOPMENT : One hurdle being faced by these animal producers are marketing their products. There is the need to develop new markets and using e-commerce and other means for selling these animal products so that animal breeders may produce the animal products without the fear of absence of markets . These new markets will encourage to develop new animal products and be able to provide good enumerations to the animal farmers.
BOER GOATS : As I have mentioned there is the need of value addition of our animal products many folds so that our un-employed educated youth may attract towards animal industry- till now it is poultry industry which has resulted in changing the employment scenario. Now time has come when we have to divert our attention on other animals to fetch good remuneration .
As per news of the Economic Times,Indore ,dated 21st October ,2013 "Aai Goat Farm" of Jijabai Narawade and son Vinayak in the village Savindane near Pune was started with two Boer goats and now has a herd of 70 goats. Interestingly, the son sells the goats online through internet and is able to fetch Rs 60,000 to Rs 90,000/ per goat .Such exorbitant price for each animal is paid by the affluent Muslims from big cities like Mumbai who buys these goats for Bakri Id. Interestingly, these Boer goats are native to South Africa and its embryo was first time imported from Australia in 1993 by Pune based Nimbkar Agriculture Research Institute for cross breeding with desi goats to increase their meat yields. The Boer goats are popular world over for their meat and adaptability to any climate. And this character has been used advantageously by Jijabai Narwade paving the way for more innovations and business potentials to other entrepreneurs .
KADAKNATH POULTRY : In the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh, Kadaknath poultry breed is very popular among the tribes of this region ;the bird is black while its meat looks dark brown . This bird fetches higher price ranging from 300-600 Rs per bird hence poultry department of Jabalpur Veterinary college developed cross and tried to sell the bird in five star hotels. However, its meat failed to attract good number of customers hence its marketing restricted only to certain region.
PASHMINA GOATS : There are breeds of animals which inhabit special climates like Pashmina goats which is the special breed of goat indigenous to high altitude of Himalayas .They are famous for their special wool texture which ,mixing with silk fiber, is used for manufacturing pashmina shawls and gloves - high priced items .
GADDI SHEEP : This breed , also called Bhadarwah breed, is native to Kishtwar and Bhadarwah tahsils of J & K and is also distributed in Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. It is famous for its fine quality wool.
EMU FARMING :This is a wingless bird,cousin of Ostrich, and in recent years bred in Rajasthan, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh . Importantly, all parts of the bird , meat, oil, skin, feather are marketed with good remuneration. Cost of one bird is about 20,000 to 30,000 Indian rupees.
NEW ANIMAL FARMING PRACTICES : It is necessary that these veterinary universities develop and spread expertise in farming other varieties of animals and birds like TURKEY FARMING, QUAIL FARMING , DUCK FARMING, RABBIT FARMING, GUINEA FOWL (Bater ) FARMING They have to pay attention in their fast breeding and health programs so that farmers are able to earn good remuneration.
FISH BREEDING : There is a large population who consume fish and there is need not only to improve their production but introducing new varieties in Indian market. Beside fish, we must also pay attention of culturing prawn and alike organisms which have good potentials for export.
MARKET DEVELOPMENT : One hurdle being faced by these animal producers are marketing their products. There is the need to develop new markets and using e-commerce and other means for selling these animal products so that animal breeders may produce the animal products without the fear of absence of markets . These new markets will encourage to develop new animal products and be able to provide good enumerations to the animal farmers.
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